According to studies, the physical activity that women undertake is not linked to their risk of early menopause. Along with it there have been conflicting findings of the relation between physical activity and menopause, with some studies suggesting that women who are very physically active may be at lower risk of a menopause before the age of 45, while others have found evidence of the opposite effect.
the study, which was being published on Wednesday in “Human Reproduction, one of the world’s leading reproductive medicine journals”, has analysed data from 107,275 women, who were followed prospectively from the time they joined the Nurses’ Health Study II in 1989 until 2011, and found no association between physical activity at any age and early natural menopause.
The Professor of Epidemiology at the University of Massachusetts, USA, Dr Elizabeth Bertone-Johnson, who directed the research, said: “Our study provides considerable information in helping us understand the relationship between activity and timing of menopause; this is because of its size, its focus on early menopause specifically, and because of its prospective design, which limited the likelihood of bias and allowed us to look at physical activity at different time periods. Several previous well-designed studies have found suggestions that more physical activity is associated with older age at menopause, but even in those studies the size of the effect was very small. Our results, in conjunction with other studies, provides substantial evidence that physical activity is not importantly associated with early menopause”.
Researchers are still on their way, investigating other factors that might play a role in women experiencing an early menopause. Dr. Bertone-Johnson said: “Our work has suggested that environmental factors are associated with early menopause. We found a higher intake of calcium and vitamin D from dairy foods to be associated with lower risk. Higher intake of vegetable protein was associated with lower risk as well, though animal protein was not. Cigarette smoking is associated with a higher risk, as is being underweight. We are currently investigating other factors as well.”
The researchers, had also collected information on factors such as race, ethnicity, age, education, height, the age when the women had their first periods, whether or not they had been pregnant and how often, use of oral contraceptives and hormone therapy, whether or not they smoked, weight and body mass index (BMI), diet and use of dietary supplements.
During the 20 years of follow-up, 2786 women experienced natural menopause before the age of 45. The researchers found no significant difference in the risk of early menopause between, for instance, women reporting less than three MET hours a week of physical activity and women reporting 42 or more hours a week. The amount of physical activity that the women reported in their teenage years was also unrelated to the risk of early menopause.
In order to assess the frequency, duration, and intensity of the activities, the researchers multiplied the hours per week of each activity by its metabolic equivalent (MET) score to create total MET-hours per week. One MET equals one-kilogram calorie per kilogram per hour (kcal/kg/h), which is the amount of energy expended by sitting quietly for an hour.
